Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of cholera, an acute dehydrating diarrhea that occurs in epidemic form in many developing countries. Although V. cholerae is a human pathogen, aquatic ecosystems are major ...

Biofilms are complex microbial communities that attach firmly to surfaces and grow within a dense extra cellular matrix composed of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Their ability to anchor to medical devices, ...